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Add us on GoogleDo You Really Need a Vitamin B12 Supplement?
Pharmacy Expert Explains Who Benefits
October 14, 2026
Vitamin B12 is essential for producing red blood cells, synthesizing DNA and supporting the nervous system. Recently, the supplement has gained attention for its potential to correct deficiencies and support brain and nerve health, but if your levels are already adequate, taking more may not offer additional benefit.
“Just because a vitamin is available over the counter doesn't mean everyone needs it,” said Sonia Amin Thomas, PharmD, BCOP, AFMCP, and professor and vice chair in the department of pharmacy practice at PCOM Georgia.
Thomas emphasizes it's important to discuss supplements with a health care provider before starting them, especially if you already take prescription medications regularly. She also recommends checking B12 levels when appropriate and avoiding ongoing supplementation without a clear medical reason.
However, some people may benefit from taking a B12 supplement, including older adults, vegetarians and vegans, and those with gastrointestinal conditions that impair absorption.
Certain medications can also lower B12 levels. Metformin, commonly prescribed for type 2 diabetes, may interfere with B12 absorption in the small intestine. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), used to treat acid reflux and Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) may reduce stomach acid, which the body needs to release B12 from food. Colchicine, often prescribed for gout, may also interfere with absorption particularly with prolonged use.
Dr. Thomas says the goal is to choose the right supplement at the right dose for the right reason, while also considering current medications and individual health goals.
“Supplements are not a substitute for identifying the underlying cause of a deficiency,” says Thomas. “Treatment depends on the person: oral supplements may be sufficient for some, while people with significant absorption problems may need B12 injections.”
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PCOM Georgia has been serving students and the community for 20 years as a branch campus of Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (PCOM), a private, not-for-profit, accredited institution of higher education established in 1899. Located in Suwanee (Gwinnett County), PCOM Georgia offers doctoral degrees in osteopathic medicine, pharmacy and physical therapy. Graduate degrees are offered in biomedical sciences, medical laboratory science and physician assistant studies. The campus joins PCOM South Georgia in Moultrie in helping to meet the healthcare needs of the state. Emphasizing "a whole person" approach to care, PCOM Georgia focuses on educational excellence, interprofessional education and service to the community. For more information, visit pcom.edu or call 678-225-7500. The campus is also home to the Georgia Osteopathic Care Center, an osteopathic manipulative medicine clinic, which is open to the public by appointment. For more information, visit pcomgeorgiahealth.org.
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